By A. V. Yadappanavar* India’s tribal communities have long lived at the margins of society, shaped by histories of displacement, fragile livelihoods and limited access to essential services. Among them, the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) represent the most delicate thread in the country’s social fabric. Many continue to depend on forests and natural ecosystems for survival, while others have been pushed toward urban centres in search of work. Their vulnerability is often intensified by isolation, demographic fragility and the pressures of modern development. Nowhere is this more evident than in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, home to several indigenous groups whose futures hinge on the protection of their territories, cultures and autonomy.
By Mohd. Ziyaullah Khan Ever since Leader of the Opposition Rahul Gandhi spoke to female students in Maharashtra on August 22, 2026, urging them to “smash patriarchy” and reject the “Manusmriti mindset,” a storm has erupted in BJP circles. His assertion that women belong to themselves—not to their fathers, husbands or sons—has provoked a predictable rush among BJP supporters to defend the Manusmriti. This should surprise no one. For years, the politics of cultural nationalism has selectively elevated ancient texts as symbols of civilisational pride. But reverence becomes dangerous when it collides with the foundational values of a modern democracy.