By Sudhansu R Das For centuries, rural communities in India have recognised the economic, social, and cultural role of cattle in village life. Nearly 86 per cent of agricultural landholdings in the country are small, typically between one and two hectares, which allows farmers to integrate crop cultivation with cattle rearing. For many households, cows contribute to food and nutritional security and supplement family income. In addition to milk and dairy products, cattle dung and urine are widely used in agricultural practices such as manure preparation and soil conditioning.
By Bharat Dogra Waste management has been a weak link in India’s development story, and within this, the failure to ensure proper waste segregation has been particularly disappointing. This is despite the fact that, in some smaller initiatives, committed officials working with community participation have achieved very good results. However, such success has not been replicated at a wider level.